As far as I could make out, the bifid processes are developed in the
same manner as the quadrifids, excepting that the two primary terminal
cells never become divided, and only increase in length. The glands on
the valve and collar appear at so early an age that I could not trace
their development; but we may reasonably suspect that they are
developed from papillae like those on the outside of the bladder, but
with their terminal cells not divided into two. The two segments
forming the pedicels of the glands probably answer to the conical
protuberance and short footstalk of the quadrifid and bifid processes.
I am strengthened in the belief that the glands are developed from
papillae like those on the outside of the bladders, from the fact that
in Utricularia amethystina the glands extend along the whole ventral
surface of the bladder close to the footstalk.
UTRICULARIA VULGARIS.
Living plants from Yorkshire were sent me by Dr. Hooker. This species
differs from the last in the stems and leaves being thicker or coarser;
their divisions form a more acute angle with one another; the notches
on the leaves bear three or four short bristles instead of one; and the
bladders are twice as large, or about 1/5 of an inch (5.08 mm.) in
diameter. In all essential respects the bladders resemble those of
Utricularia neglecta, but the sides of the peristome are perhaps a
little more [page 429] prominent, and always bear, as far as I have
seen, seven or eight long multicellular bristles. There are eleven long
bristles on each antenna, the terminal pair being included. Five
bladders, containing prey of some kind, were examined. The first
included five Cypris; a large copepod and a Diaptomus; the second, four
Cypris; the third, a single rather large crustacean; the fourth, six
crustaceans; and the fifth, ten. My son examined the quadrifid
processes in a bladder containing the remains of two crustaceans, and
found some of them full of spherical or irregularly shaped masses of
matter, which were observed to move and to coalesce. These masses
therefore consisted of protoplasm.
UTRICULARIA MINOR.
FIG. 25. (Utricularia minor.) Quadrifid process, greatly enlarged.
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