all affected in 24 hrs., but the glands of the other two had perhaps
become more granular. One of the specimens which was not affected was
then irrigated with the mixed solution of the nitrate and phosphate of
ammonia, and after only 25 m. the glands contained from four or five to
a dozen granules. After six additional hours their primordial utricles
were greatly shrunk.
The summit of a bladder was examined, and all the glands found
colourless, with their primordial utricles not at all shrunk; yet many
of the oblong glands contained granules just resolvable with No. 8 of
Hartnack. It was then irrigated with a few drops of a solution of one
part of urea to 218 of water. After 2 hrs. 25 m. the spherical glands
were still colourless; whilst the oblong and two-armed ones were of a
brownish tint, and their primordial utricles much shrunk, some
containing distinctly visible granules. After 9 hrs. some of the
spherical glands were brownish, and the oblong glands were still more
changed, but they contained fewer separate granules; their nuclei, on
the other hand, appeared larger, as if they had absorbed the granules.
After 23 hrs. all the glands were brown, their primordial utricles
greatly shrunk, and in many cases ruptured.
A bladder was now experimented on, which was already somewhat affected
by the surrounding water; for the spherical glands, though colourless,
had their primordial utricles slightly shrunk; and the oblong glands
were brownish, with their utricles much, but irregularly, shrunk. The
summit was treated with the solution of urea, but was little affected
by it in 9 hrs.; nevertheless, after 23 hrs. the spherical glands were
brown, with their utricles more shrunk; several of the other glands
were still browner, with their utricles contracted into irregular
little masses.
Two other summits, with their glands colourless and their utricles not
shrunk, were treated with the same solution of urea. After 5 hrs. many
of the glands presented a shade of brown, with their utricles slightly
shrunk. After 20 hrs. 40 m. some few of them were quite brown, and
contained [page 421] irregularly aggregated masses; others were still
colourless, though their utricles were shrunk; but the greater number
were not much affected. This was a good instance of how unequally the
glands on the same bladder are sometimes affected, as likewise often
occurs with plants growing in foul water. Two other summits were
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