seemed affected; after 1 hr. 10 m. there was a greater change, and the
primordial utricles in most of them were somewhat shrunk, and included
many granules. In the second specimen, the primordial utricles were
considerably shrunk and brownish after 2 hrs. Similar effects were
observed in the two other specimens, but these were not examined until
21 hrs. had elapsed. The nuclei of many of the glands apparently had
increased in size. Five bladders on a branch, which had been kept for a
long time in moderately pure water, were cut off and examined, and
their glands found very little modified. The remainder of this branch
was placed in the solution of the nitrate, and after 21 hrs. two
bladders were examined, and all their glands were brownish, with their
primordial utricles somewhat shrunk and finely granular.
The summit of another bladder, the glands of which were in a
beautifully clear condition, was irrigated with a few drops of a mixed
solution of nitrate and phosphate of ammonia, each of one part to 437
of water. After 2 hrs. some few of the glands were brownish. After 8
hrs. almost all the oblong glands were brown and much more opaque than
they were before; their primordial utricles were somewhat shrunk and
contained a little aggregated granular matter. The spherical glands
were still white, but their utricles were broken up into three or four
small hyaline spheres, with an irregularly contracted mass in the
middle of the basal part. These smaller spheres changed their forms in
the course of a few hours and some of them disappeared. By the next
morning, after 23 hrs. 30 m., they had all disappeared, and the glands
were brown; their utricles now formed a globular shrunken mass in the
middle. The utricles of the oblong glands had shrunk very little, but
their contents were somewhat aggregated. Lastly, the summit of a
bladder which had been previously irrigated for 21 hrs. with a solution
of one part of sugar to 218 of water without being affected, was
treated with the above mixed solution; and after 8 hrs. 30 m. all the
glands became brown, with their primordial utricles slightly shrunk.
Four summits were irrigated with a putrid infusion of raw [page 420]
meat. No change in the glands was observable for some hours, but after
24 hrs. most of them had become brownish, and more opaque and granular
than they were before. In these specimens, as in those irrigated with
the salts of ammonia, the nuclei seemed to have increased both in size
and solidity, but they were not measured. Five summits were also
irrigated with a fresh infusion of raw meat; three of these were not at
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