ibid. pp. 352, 355; Vogt, Lectures on Man, Eng. translat. p. 81.)
Again, as the young of closely allied though distinct species do not
differ nearly so much from each other as do the adults, so it is with
the children of the different races of man. Some have even maintained
that race-differences cannot be detected in the infantile skull. (5.
Schaaffhausen, Anthropolog. Review, ibid. p. 429.) In regard to
colour, the new-born negro child is reddish nut-brown, which soon
becomes slaty-grey; the black colour being fully developed within a
year in the Soudan, but not until three years in Egypt. The eyes of the
negro are at first blue, and the hair chestnut-brown rather than black,
being curled only at the ends. The children of the Australians
immediately after birth are yellowish-brown, and become dark at a later
age. Those of the Guaranys of Paraguay are whitish-yellow, but they
acquire in the course of a few weeks the yellowish-brown tint of their
parents. Similar observations have been made in other parts of America.
(6. Pruner-Bey, on negro infants as quoted by Vogt, Lectures on Man,
Eng. translat. 1864, p. 189: for further facts on negro infants, as
quoted from Winterbottom and Camper, see Lawrence, Lectures on
Physiology, etc. 1822, p. 451. For the infants of the Guaranys, see
Rengger, Saugethiere, etc. s. 3. See also Godron, De l Espece, tom.
ii. 1859, p. 253. For the Australians, Waitz, Introduction to
Anthropology, Eng. translat. 1863, p. 99.)
I have specified the foregoing differences between the male and female
sex in mankind, because they are curiously like those of the
Quadrumana. With these animals the female is mature at an earlier age
than the male; at least this is certainly the case in Cebus azarae. (7.
Rengger, Saugethiere, etc., 1830, s. 49.) The males of most species
are larger and stronger than the females, of which fact the gorilla
affords a well-known instance. Even in so trifling a character as the
greater prominence of the superciliary ridge, the males of certain
monkeys differ from the females (8. As in Macacus cynomolgus
(Desmarest, Mammalogie, p. 65), and in Hylobates agilis (Geoffroy
St.-Hilaire and F. Cuvier, Histoire Nat. des Mammiferes, 1824, tom.
i. p. 2)., and agree in this respect with mankind. In the gorilla and
certain other monkeys, the cranium of the adult male presents a
strongly-marked sagittal crest, which is absent in the female; and
Ecker found a trace of a similar difference between the two sexes in
the Australians. (9. Anthropological Review, Oct. 1868, p. 353.) With
monkeys when there is any difference in the voice, that of the male is
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