THE EVIDENCE OF THE DESCENT OF MAN FROM SOME LOWER FORM.
Nature of the evidence bearing on the origin of man Homologous
structures in man and the lower animals Miscellaneous points of
correspondence Development Rudimentary structures, muscles,
sense-organs, hair, bones, reproductive organs, etc. The bearing of
these three great classes of facts on the origin of man.
CHAPTER II.
ON THE MANNER OF DEVELOPMENT OF MAN FROM SOME LOWER FORM.
Variability of body and mind in man Inheritance Causes of
variability Laws of variation the same in man as in the lower
animals Direct action of the conditions of life Effects of the
increased use and disuse of parts Arrested
development Reversion Correlated variation Rate of increase Checks to
increase Natural selection Man the most dominant animal in the
world Importance of his corporeal structure The causes which have led
to his becoming erect Consequent changes of structure Decrease in size
of the canine teeth Increased size and altered shape of the
skull Nakedness Absence of a tail Defenceless condition of man.
CHAPTER III.
COMPARISON OF THE MENTAL POWERS OF MAN AND THE LOWER ANIMALS.
The difference in mental power between the highest ape and the lowest
savage, immense Certain instincts in common The
emotions Curiosity Imitation Attention Memory
Imagination Reason Progressive improvement Tools and weapons used by
animals Abstraction, Self-consciousness Language Sense of beauty Belief
in God, spiritual agencies, superstitions.
CHAPTER IV.
COMPARISON OF THE MENTAL POWERS OF MAN AND THE LOWER ANIMALS,
continued.
The moral sense Fundamental proposition The qualities of social
animals Origin of sociability Struggle between opposed instincts Man a
social animal The more enduring social instincts conquer other less
persistent instincts The social virtues alone regarded by savages The
self-regarding virtues acquired at a later stage of development The
importance of the judgment of the members of the same community on
conduct Transmission of moral tendencies Summary.
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