been expected from what has been written on the subject. Thus Messrs.
Nott and Gliddon ( Types of Mankind, p. 148), state that Rameses II.,
or the Great, has features superbly European; whereas Knox, another
firm believer in the specific distinctness of the races of man ( Races
of Man, 1850, p. 201), speaking of young Memnon (the same as Rameses
II., as I am informed by Mr. Birch), insists in the strongest manner
that he is identical in character with the Jews of Antwerp. Again, when
I looked at the statue of Amunoph III., I agreed with two officers of
the establishment, both competent judges, that he had a strongly-marked
negro type of features; but Messrs. Nott and Gliddon (ibid. p. 146,
fig. 53), describe him as a hybrid, but not of negro intermixture. )
He would also hear, on the authority of an excellent observer, Dr. Lund
(6. As quoted by Nott and Gliddon, Types of Mankind, 1854, p. 439.
They give also corroborative evidence; but C. Vogt thinks that the
subject requires further investigation.), that the human skulls found
in the caves of Brazil, entombed with many extinct mammals, belonged to
the same type as that now prevailing throughout the American Continent.
Our naturalist would then perhaps turn to geographical distribution,
and he would probably declare that those forms must be distinct
species, which differ not only in appearance, but are fitted for hot,
as well as damp or dry countries, and for the Arctic regions. He might
appeal to the fact that no species in the group next to man namely, the
Quadrumana, can resist a low temperature, or any considerable change of
climate; and that the species which come nearest to man have never been
reared to maturity, even under the temperate climate of Europe. He
would be deeply impressed with the fact, first noticed by Agassiz (7.
Diversity of Origin of the Human Races, in the Christian Examiner,
July 1850.), that the different races of man are distributed over the
world in the same zoological provinces, as those inhabited by
undoubtedly distinct species and genera of mammals. This is manifestly
the case with the Australian, Mongolian, and Negro races of man; in a
less well-marked manner with the Hottentots; but plainly with the
Papuans and Malays, who are separated, as Mr. Wallace has shewn, by
nearly the same line which divides the great Malayan and Australian
zoological provinces. The Aborigines of America range throughout the
Continent; and this at first appears opposed to the above rule, for
most of the productions of the Southern and Northern halves differ
widely: yet some few living forms, as the opossum, range from the one
into the other, as did formerly some of the gigantic Edentata. The
187