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Opening On the Origin of Species By Means of Natural Selection
Charles Darwin
Public domain text from Project Gutenberg.
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1228 1859, First Edition
22764 1860, Second Edition
2009 1872, Sixth Edition, considered the definitive edition.
On
the Origin of Species
BY MEANS OF NATURAL SELECTION,
OR THE
PRESERVATION OF FAVOURED RACES IN THE STRUGGLE FOR LIFE.
By Charles Darwin, M.A.,
Fellow Of The Royal, Geological, Linn an, Etc., Societies;
Author Of Journal Of Researches During H.M.S. Beagle s Voyage
Round The World.
LONDON:
JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET.
1859.
But with regard to the material world, we can at least go so far as
this we can perceive that events are brought about not by insulated
interpositions of Divine power, exerted in each particular case, but by the
establishment of general laws.
1
W. WHEWELL: _Bridgewater Treatise_.
To conclude, therefore, let no man out of a weak conceit of sobriety, or
an ill-applied moderation, think or maintain, that a man can search too far or
be too well studied in the book of God s word, or in the book of
God s works; divinity or philosophy; but rather let men endeavour an
endless progress or proficience in both.
BACON: _Advancement of Learning_.
_Down, Bromley, Kent,
October_, 1_st_, 1859.
Contents
INTRODUCTION.
1. VARIATION UNDER DOMESTICATION.
2. VARIATION UNDER NATURE.
3. STRUGGLE FOR EXISTENCE.
4. NATURAL SELECTION.
5. LAWS OF VARIATION.
6. DIFFICULTIES ON THEORY.
7. INSTINCT.
8. HYBRIDISM.
9. ON THE IMPERFECTION OF THE GEOLOGICAL RECORD.
10. ON THE GEOLOGICAL SUCCESSION OF OR…
Contents
CHAPTER 3. STRUGGLE FOR EXISTENCE.
Page 3 CHAPTER 6. DIFFICULTIES ON THEORY.
Page 4 CHAPTER 8. HYBRIDISM.
Page 5 CHAPTER 11. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION.
Page 6 CHAPTER 14. RECAPITULATION AND CONCLUSION.
Page 7 CHAPTER I.
Page 12 CHAPTER II.
Page 40 CHAPTER III.
Page 52 CHAPTER IV.
Page 66 CHAPTER V.
Page 103 CHAPTER VI.
Page 132 CHAPTER VII.
Page 159 CHAPTER VIII.
Page 187 CHAPTER IX.
Page 211 CHAPTER X.
Page 235 CHAPTER XI.
Page 260 CHAPTER XII.
Page 287 CHAPTER XIII.
Page 307 CHAPTER XIV.
Page 342
Water, fresh, productions of, 383.
Water-hen, 185.
Waterhouse, Mr.:
on Australian marsupials, 116.
on greatly developed parts being variable, 150.
on the cells of bees, 225.
on general affinities, 429.
Water-ouzel, 185.
Watson, Mr. H. C.:
on range of varieties of British plants, 58.
on acclimatisation, 140.
on flora of Azores, 363.
on Alpine plants, 367, 376.
on rarity of intermediate varieties, 176.
Weald, denudation of, 285.
Web of feet in water-birds, 185.
West Indian islands, mammals of, 395.
Westwood:
on species in large genera being closely allied to others, 57.
on the tarsi of Engid , 157.
on the antenn of hymenopterous insects, 416.
Whales, fossil, 303.
Wheat, varieties of, 113.
White Mountains, flora of, 365.
Wings, reduction of size, 134.
Wings:
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